Toshkent, O`zbekiston<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n e-mail: nodira2112@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Annotasiya. <\/strong>Ushbu ish MDH mamlakatlari qonunchiligida aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy holatiga bag’ishlangan. Bunda asosan O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi, Qozog\u2018iston va Rossiya Federatsiyasi tajribasi ko\u2018rib chiqiladi. Bundan tashqari, maqola aqlli shartnomalarni tuzish va bajarish uchun markazlashmagan tizimdan foydalanishning mavjud huquqiy muammolarini aniqladi. Maqolada, shuningdek, amaldagi milliy qonunchilikda ularni amalga oshirishning mumkin bo’lgan usullari tasvirlangan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kalit so’zlar: <\/strong>aqlli kontraktlar, blokcheyn, elektron ommaviy axborot vositalari<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u041e\u0415 \u0420\u0415\u0413\u0423\u041b\u0418\u0420\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \u0421\u041c\u0410\u0420\u0422-\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0422\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u041e\u0412 \u0412 \u0421\u041d\u0413<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u041d\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043d \u0410\u0411\u0414\u0423\u0420\u0410\u0425\u041c\u0410\u041d\u041e\u0412\u0410,<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u041f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0422\u0430\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0423\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n e-mail: nodira2112@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f. <\/strong>\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0443 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u0421\u041d\u0413. \u0412 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442 \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0423\u0437\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d, \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0445\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430: <\/strong>\u0443\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0447\u0435\u0439\u043d, \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/p>\n\n\n\n LEGAL REGULATION OF SMART CONTRACTS IN THE CIS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nodirakhon ABDURAKHMANOVA,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Lecturer at Tashkent State University of Law<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Tashkent, Uzbekistan<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n e-mail: nodira2112@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n Abstract.<\/strong> This work is devoted to the legal status of smart contracts in the legislation of the CIS countries. The experience of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation is mainly considered. In addition, the paper identified the existing legal problems of using a decentralized system for concluding and executing smart contracts. The paper also describes possible ways of their implementation in the current national legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Keywords:<\/strong> smart contracts, blockchain, electronic media<\/p>\n\n\n\n Dunyo o\u2018zgarmoqda, u bilan birga huquqiy munosabatlar va ularning shakli ham o\u2018zgarib bormoqda. Ana shunday o\u2018zgarishlar va yangiliklardan biri \u201cAqlli kontrakt\u201ddir. Inglizcha «aqlli» so’ziga asoslanib, uning nomi bilan «aqlli shartnoma» degan ma’noni anglatadi. Ammo agar biz faqat shartnoma nomidan kelib chiqsak, bu sun’iy intellektga asoslangan shartnoma degan noto’g’ri taxminga kelishimiz mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Garchi ideal kelajakda ushbu shartnoma sun’iy intellekt asosida boshqarilishi kerak bo’lsa-da, bugungi kunda aqlli shartnoma o’z-o’zidan bajariladigan shartnoma sifatida tushuniladi, biz ushbu maqolada ko’rib chiqamiz, shuningdek, uning huquqiy maqomga ega yoki nima ekanligini aniqlaymiz. MDHning bir qator mamlakatlarida aqlli shartnomalarni huquqiy tartibga solish hisoblanadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aqlli kontraktlarning otasi va asoschisi Nik Szaboning fikriga ko’ra, aqlli shartnoma – bu elektron tashuvchidagi raqamli kod bo’lib, shartnomalarning ayrim toifalarining muayyan shartlarini bajarishni ta’minlaydi[9].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuqoridagi tavsifga asoslanib, doktrinal dunyoda aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy tabiati bo’yicha ikkita asosiy qarash mavjud: birinchidan, shartnoma shakli sifatida aqlli shartnoma, ikkinchidan, yangi turdagi shartnoma sifatida aqlli shartnomalar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Har bir mamlakatning milliy qonunchiligida uni amalga oshirish usulini belgilaydigan aqlli shartnomaning huquqiy tabiati.<\/p>\n\n\n\n O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasida aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy maqomining aniq ta\u2019rifi yo\u2018q. O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi Istiqbolli loyihalar milliy agentligi direktorining 33-son buyrug\u2018i bilan tasdiqlangan kripto-birjada kriptoaktivlar savdosi qoidalarini o\u2018z ichiga olgan kichik miqdordagi me\u2019yoriy-huquqiy hujjatlarda ushbu konsepsiya nazarda tutilgan. 2022 yil 18 iyul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ushbu hujjatga ko’ra, aqlli shartnoma elektron shakldagi shartnoma bo’lib, unga ko’ra huquq va majburiyatlarning bajarilishi avtomatik ravishda raqamli operatsiyalarni amalga oshirish orqali amalga oshiriladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bunday ta’rif Nik Szaboning o’zi tavsifiga mos keladi. Lekin bu talqin qay darajada to’g’ri va bunday ta’rif bilan aynan nimani nazarda tutadi? Ya’ni, bu O’zbekistonda aqlli shartnoma shartnoma shakliga tenglashtirilganligini anglatadimi yoki bu hali ham yangi turdagi shartnomani anglatadimi? Afsuski, bu ta’rif hozirgi vaqtda qonunchilikdagi yagona ta’rifdir va bundan tashqari, yuqoridagi hujjatda aqlli shartnomalarni huquqiy tartibga solishga juda kam e’tibor beriladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi qonunchiligida kriptoaktivlar bilan bog\u2018liq operatsiyalarni amalga oshirish uchun aqlli kontraktlardan foydalanish mumkinligi qayd etilgan. Ammo jahon amaliyoti hayotning barcha sohalarida aqlli kontraktlardan foydalanish muvaffaqiyatini ko’rsatmoqda. Bu, ayniqsa, sug’urta, tibbiyot, barter, ko’chmas mulk bilan bog’liq operatsiyalar va boshqalar kabi sohalarga tegishli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Jons Xopkins Medicine ma’lumotlariga ko’ra, tibbiy xatolar Qo’shma Shtatlardagi o’limlarning 10 foizini tashkil qilishi mumkin. Agar aqlli shartnomalar bemorlarning sog’lig’i haqidagi ma’lumotlar, dori-darmonlarni etkazib berish zanjiri va tibbiy hamkorlikni yaxshilash uchun ishlatilsa, bu har yili minglab odamlarning hayotini saqlab qolishi mumkin [2].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shri Vishnu Ayollar muhandislik kolleji, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, Elektron va texnik muhandislik bo’limi boshlig’i Hema Pavani Pearlning so’zlariga ko’ra, Smart ipoteka shartnomasi ipoteka shartnomalarini tuzish muddatini oshirish orqali 50-60 kundan 4-6 kungacha qisqartiradi. qayta ishlash tezligi va har bir bosqichda oldinga siljish uchun eskrov to’lovlari narxini kamaytirish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuqoridagilarga asoslanib, biz aqlli kontraktlar murakkab tranzaktsiyalarda ham, kundalik hayotda ham qanchalik muhim va foydali ekanligini ko’rishimiz mumkin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n O’zbekistonda bo’lgani kabi Qozog’istonda ham aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy maqomi ko’rib chiqilmoqda va hozirda huquqiy darajada aqlli shartnomalarning aniq ta’rifi yo’q[5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Qozog’istonning Fuqarolik kodeksi aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy holatini bevosita ta’minlamasa ham, ulardan foydalanish yoki boshqa turdagi raqamli shartnomalardan foydalanishni ham taqiqlamaydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yuqoridagilarga qaramay, Qozog’istonda siz hayotning turli sohalarida aqlli shartnomalardan foydalanishni allaqachon ko’rishingiz mumkin. Masalan, 2021 yilda Qozog\u2018iston Markaziy banki birinchi marta mahalliy bankka blokcheyn tizimi asosida va smart-kontraktlardan foydalangan holda savdoni moliyalashtirishni boshqarish uchun litsenziya berdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shuningdek, 2021 yildan boshlab Commerzbank BASF va Evonik bilan birgalikda yetkazib beruvchilardan tovar va xizmatlar uchun to\u2018lovlarni amalga oshirish uchun aqlli shartnomalardan foydalanishni o\u2018z ichiga olgan yangi loyihani ishga tushirdi. Ushbu platforma blokcheyn tizimiga asoslangan va markazlashtirilmagan tizim yordamida operatsiyalarni amalga oshiradi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0 Rossiya Federatsiyasida aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy holatini ko’rib chiqsak, biz barcha MDH mamlakatlarida aqlli shartnomalarni huquqiy tartibga solish ishlab chiqilayotganligini ko’rishimiz mumkin. 2019 yilda Rossiya Federatsiyasi Fuqarolik Kodeksiga raqamli huquqlarni tan olish bo’yicha o’zgartirishlar va qo’shimchalar kiritilgan bo’lsa-da, ular aqlli shartnomalarni ham o’z ichiga olishi mumkin[8].<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2020 yilda Rossiya Federatsiyasi Moliya vazirligi aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy holatini, ularni tartibga solish tartibini va qo’llash doirasini tartibga soluvchi qonun loyihasini ishlab chiqdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Shunday qilib, bugungi kunda MDH mamlakatlari qonunchiligida aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy maqomi belgilanmagan degan xulosaga kelishimiz mumkin. Aqlli shartnomalarni nazarda tutuvchi bilvosita qoidalar mavjud, ammo aqlli shartnomalardan foydalanish tartibini bevosita tartibga soluvchi alohida qonun hujjatlari ishlab chiqilmoqda[10].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Agar doktrinal huquqni ko’rib chiqsak, aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy maqomi bo’yicha ikkita yondashuv mavjud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Birinchidan, aqlli shartnoma shartnomaning bir turi emas, balki shartnomalarning muayyan shartlarini bajarishni avtomatlashtiradigan oddiy kompyuter dasturidir. Ya’ni, bu holda aqlli shartnomani elektron shaklda hisob-fakturalarni tuzish imkonini beruvchi Didox, E-faktura va boshqalar kabi dasturlarga tenglashtirish mumkin. Ammo agar siz aqlli shartnomalarni faqat kompyuter dasturi sifatida ko’rsangiz, ularga an’anaviy shartnomalar uchun qo’llaniladigan qonuniy talablarni qo’llash mumkin bo’lmaydi[7]. Markazlashtirilgan serverlarda yaratilgan va saqlanadigan klassik kontraktlardagi kabi nazorat darajasini ta’minlash ham imkonsiz bo’ladi. Bunday holda, aqlli kontraktlardan firibgarlik, noqonuniy faoliyatni moliyalashtirish va boshqalar kabi noqonuniy maqsadlarda foydalanish xavfi ortadi. [9].<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aqlli shartnomalarning bunday ko’rinishi ularni milliy qonunchilikka joriy etish jarayonini osonlashtirishi mumkin. Aqlli shartnomalarning bunday ko’rinishi ularni shartnoma tuzish shakllaridan biri sifatida nazarda tutganligi sababli. Bundan tashqari, u aqlli shartnomalarni shartnomalarning elektron shakliga tenglashtiradi, bu esa ularni amalga oshirish jarayonini yanada osonlashtiradi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ikkinchidan, aqlli shartnoma shartnomaning yangi turidir. Bunday holda, amaldagi qonunchilikka o’zgartirish va qo’shimchalar kiritish yoki yangi normativ hujjatlarni qabul qilish kerak bo’ladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yangi maxsus huquqiy hujjatning qabul qilinishi aqlli shartnomalarning aniq belgilangan tartibga solinishini yaratishni anglatadi va bu ham qonuniylik va tomonlarning huquqiy himoyasini oshiradi. Ushbu kompleks yondashuv jamoatchilik nazorati va aqlli shartnomalarga ishonchni oshirishga yordam beradi[5]. Ammo bu milliy va xalqaro huquqda aqlli shartnomalarni amalga oshirishning eng ko’p vaqt talab qiluvchi va murakkab yondashuvidir. Chunki bu holda yangi huquqiy hujjat ishlab chiqish, u bilan birgalikda normalarning mumkin bo’lgan ziddiyatlari uchun mavjud qonunchilik bazasini tahlil qilish kerak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bundan tashqari, ikkinchi holatda, turli sohalarda aqlli kontraktlardan foydalanish va qo’llash uchun sinov zonasini yaratish kerak bo’ladi. Kerakli test sinovlari o\u2018tkazilib, olingan natijalar tahlil qilingandan keyingina ushbu tizimni umumiy foydalanish uchun ishga tushirish mumkin bo\u2018ladi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bundan tashqari, aqlli kontraktlardan foydalanishning qo’shimcha afzalliklari mavjud. Ushbu omillarga quyidagi ko’rsatkichlar kiradi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Oddiy elektron shartnomalar markazlashtirilgan depozitariyda saqlanganligi va blokcheyn tizimiga asoslangan aqlli kontraktlar markazlashtirilmagan platformada yaratilgan, foydalanilgan va saqlanadiganligi sababli, ushbu shartnomalarning xavfsizligi masalasi yanada xavfsizroqdir[4]. Ular kriptografik shifrlashdan foydalanganligi sababli, ba’zi olimlar bu ularni ba’zi elektron shartnoma platformalariga qaraganda xavfsizroq va xavfsizroq qiladi, deb hisoblashadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bundan tashqari, aqlli shartnomalar tuzish va ulardan foydalanish tizimi shaffof va tekshirilishi mumkin, bu esa o\u2018z navbatida firibgarlik va moliyaviy jinoyatlarning boshqa shakllari ehtimolini kamaytiradi. Ammo auditorlikni yaratish uchun aqlli shartnomalarni tuzish va ulardan foydalanish platformasi to’g’ri ishlab chiqilgan va amalga oshirilishini ta’minlash kerak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aqlli shartnomalardan foydalanishning yana bir afzalligi – bu aqlli shartnomalardan kelib chiqadigan majburiyatlarning bajarilishi. Aqlli shartnomalarda majburiyatlar avtomatik ravishda bajarilganligi sababli, shartnoma shartlarini bajarmaslik yoki to’liq bajarmaslik xavfini kamaytiradi. Lekin bunda mazkur shartnomaga taalluqli qonunchilik normalarini to\u2018g\u2018ri kiritish zarur[8]. Aqlli kontraktlarni amalga oshirish platformasi avtonom tarzda ishlaganligi sababli, u ma’lum bir mamlakat qonunlariga bo’ysunmaydi. Ushbu muammoni hal qilish uchun tomonlar elektron aqlli shartnoma bazasini yaratishda tegishli qonunlarni kompyuter kodi shaklida kiritishlari kerak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n MDH mamlakatlarida aqlli kontraktlarning huquqiy maqomi hali ham rivojlanmoqda. O’zbekiston Respublikasi, Rossiya Federatsiyasi va Qozog’iston kabi ba’zi davlatlar aqlli shartnomalarni tartibga solish choralarini ko’rishni boshladilar, Ukraina va Belarus kabi boshqalar esa ularni milliy qonunchilikka joriy etish yo’llarini hali ko’rib chiqmayapti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro’yxati<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 1. \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0438\u0445\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u0418. (2023). SUG \u2018URTA FRANSHIZASI VA UNING TURLARI HAQIDA. \u0418\u0436\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0438\u0439-\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440 \u0444\u0430\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0431 \u043c\u0443\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\/\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\/Actual Problems of Humanities and Social Sciences., 3(2), 176-180.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2. \u0425\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0432 \u0428. \u0422\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438 \/\/\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438. \u2013 2022. \u2013 \u0422. 1. \u2013 \u2116. 1. \u2013 \u0421. 56-60.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3. Abdikhakimov, I., 2023. Legal Aspects of Social Media Marketing Contracts. Central Asian Journal of Theoretical and Applied Science, 4(1), pp.125-130.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4. Abdikhakimov, I. (2023, January). Trademark and copyright infringements in social media. In Science-Zone Online Conferences (Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 187-200).<\/p>\n\n\n\n 5. Abdurakhmanova, N. «ISSUES OF REGULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART CONTRACTS IN NATIONAL LEGISLATION.» (2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n 6. Christopher D. Clack, Vikram A. Bakshi, Lee Braine. Smart Contract Templates: foundations, design landscape and research directions\/\/ 2016. URL.: https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/1608.00771.pdf<\/a>, p.8 (\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f: 05.10.17)<\/p>\n\n\n\n 7. Levy Karen, Book-Smart, Not Street-Smart: Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts and The Social Workings of Law, 14.02.2017, electronic resource: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/313843942_Book-Smart_Not_Street-Smart_Blockchain-Based_Smart_Contracts_and_The_Social_Workings_of_Law<\/a>, last seen: 20.12.2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n 8. Muqumov Bobur Meliboy Ugli. (2021). Contractual-Legal Regulation Of Foreign Banks \u2019 Activities. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CURRENT RESEARCH CONFERENCES, 1(04), 30\u201333. Retrieved from https:\/\/usajournalshub.com\/conferences\/index.php\/iscrc\/article\/view\/100<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n 9. Szabo N., Smart contracts in Essays on Smart Contracts, Commercial Controls and Security, 1994, electronic resource: http:\/\/www.fon.hum.uva.nl\/rob\/Courses\/InformationInSpeech\/CDROM\/Literature\/LOTwinterschool2006\/szabo.best.vwh.net\/smart.contracts.html<\/a>, last seen: 04.03.2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n 10. To\u2018Raqulova N. Mualliflik huquqi obyektlari muhofazasini ta\u2019minlashda blokcheyn texnologiyasining ahamiyati \/\/Central Asian Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS). \u2013 2022. \u2013 \u0422. 2. \u2013 \u2116. 5. \u2013 \u0421. 290-300.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Nodiraxon ABDURAXMANOVA, Toshkent davlat yuridik universiteti o`qituvchisi Toshkent, O`zbekiston e-mail: nodira2112@gmail.com Annotasiya. Ushbu ish MDH mamlakatlari qonunchiligida aqlli shartnomalarning huquqiy holatiga bag’ishlangan. Bunda asosan O\u2018zbekiston Respublikasi, Qozog\u2018iston va Rossiya Federatsiyasi tajribasi ko\u2018rib chiqiladi. Bundan tashqari, maqola aqlli shartnomalarni tuzish va bajarish uchun markazlashmagan tizimdan foydalanishning mavjud huquqiy muammolarini aniqladi. Maqolada, shuningdek, amaldagi milliy qonunchilikda ularni …<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/library-tsul.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/aqlli-shartnomalarning-huquqiy-tabiati-haqida-ikkita-asosiy-doktrinali-qarash.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&ssl=1\")
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